• Immunohistochemistry Hearts from young and

  2024-04-10

  

  Immunohistochemistry: Hearts from young and aged mice were collected at the indicated times, fixed overnight in 10% formalin, and embedded in paraffin. Serial 5-μm heart sections from each group were analyzed. Samples were stained with H&E for routine histologic examination. Immunohistochemical stai

• N terminally extended antigenic peptide precursors

  2024-04-09

  

  N-terminally extended antigenic peptide precursors that survive cytosolic degradation and enter the ER, need to be further processed by ERAP1 and/or ERAP2, in order to acquire the right length required for MHCI binding. ERAP1 (ERAAP in mouse) is an IFN-γ-inducible, metalloaminopeptidase that trims N

• N terminally extended antigenic peptide precursors

  2024-04-09

  

  N-terminally extended antigenic peptide precursors that survive cytosolic degradation and enter the ER, need to be further processed by ERAP1 and/or ERAP2, in order to acquire the right length required for MHCI binding. ERAP1 (ERAAP in mouse) is an IFN-γ-inducible, metalloaminopeptidase that trims N

• br Aldehyde sensors to monitor substrate

  2024-04-09

  

  Aldehyde sensors to monitor substrate levels Previous efforts to ameliorate metabolic diseases frequently relied on biochemical methods which could measure the levels of toxic substrates in fostamatinib mg or bodily fluids (blood and serum or plasma, urine, cerebrospinal fluid). Therapeutic effo

• Human testicular peritubular cells HTPCs

  2024-04-09

  

  Human testicular peritubular Preladenant (HTPCs) are also the only human testicular cell type that can be isolated, cultured and studied in vitro (Albrecht et al., 2006, Mayerhofer, 2013). Results from recent studies indicate that their roles go beyond sperm transport and include immunological func

• Extracellular adenosine acts as a local modulator of cell fu

  2024-04-09

  

  Extracellular adenosine acts as a local modulator of cell function via four adenosine receptor subtypes (A1Rs A2AR, A2BR, and A3R) that are involved in numerous physiological and pathophysiological processes [31]. Each is encoded by a separate gene and has different functions, although with some ove

• br Conflict of interest statement br Acknowledgments br

  2024-04-09

  

  Conflict of interest statement Acknowledgments Introduction Cellular responses to genotoxic stress in eukaryotic cells are coordinated by members of the phosphoinositide kinase related protein kinase (PIKK) family. Two members of this family, Ataxia–Telangiectasia mutated (ATM) and ATM and

• br Results br Discussion br STAR Methods

  2024-04-09

  

  Results Discussion STAR★Methods Author Contributions Acknowledgments We thank Angela Walker for assistance with the manuscript; Junlin Liu, Xiangxiang Gu, Na Chen, Lu Xue, and the BV Core Facility of iHuman Institute for their support; scientists and colleagues at Amgen Inc., Zhulun W

• Optical coherence tomography angiography is another promisin

  2024-04-08

  

  Optical coherence tomography angiography is another promising method for the assessment of corneal neovascularization. This relatively new modality is not yet widely used in part because of current limitations in the definition of images produced, lack of functional information, and inability to det

• br Discussion Hepatic dysfunction in the metabolic

  2024-04-08

  

  Discussion Hepatic dysfunction in the metabolic syndrome is a driver of negative patient outcomes that requires more therapeutic options. The complexity of liver alterations in this disease – elevated de novo synthesis of fatty acids and cholesterol, reduced clearance of circulating atherogenic L

• Interestingly metabolic dysfunction is also observed in amyo

  2024-04-08

  

  Interestingly, metabolic dysfunction is also observed in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Patients and mouse models of familial ALS exhibit higher levels of resting CPI-203 expenditure and lower fat-free mass, indicating a hypermetabolic phenotype. Lim et al. (2012) found that reducing AMPK act

• br Material and methods br Results br Discussion

  2024-04-08

  

  Material and methods Results Discussion Although we were not able to detect 12/15-LOX mRNA in the lungs of 12/15-LOX knockout mice substantial amounts of 15-HETE could be detected in BALF. In fact, significant synthesis of 15-HETE in 12/15-LOX mice have been already reported [17]. The redun

• At the organismal level skeletal muscle lung and

  2024-04-08

  

  At the organismal level, skeletal muscle, lung and adipose tissues mediate net de novo synthesis and release of glutamine, whereas net glutamine catabolism occurs in the kidney [7]. The liver exhibits net glutamine consumption coupled to urea production in the post-absorptive state, and net glutamin

• There are several strengths and

  2024-04-08

  

  There are several strengths and weaknesses of the current investigation which merit consideration. Obviously, the current findings are important and less prone to bias than findings from traditional observational epidemiological studies, because causal investigations with the use of genetic variants

• br Pathophysiology of Alzheimer disease Alzheimer disease is

  2024-04-08

  

  Pathophysiology of Alzheimer disease Alzheimer disease is characterized by severe neurodegeneration, neuroinflammation, and progressive loss of cognitive abilities. The diagnostic criteria for dementia released by the National Institute on Aging-Alzheimer's Association define dementia as the deve

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